Criminal evidence and procedure – Judge's charge. High Court of Justiciary: In an appeal against a rape conviction on grounds which maintained that the trial judge misdirected the jury in respect of nine separate matters, the court refused the appeal except in relation to the 'repeated' element of the rapes libelled in the charge, holding that the absence of a correct direction on corroboration, and indeed the giving of a direction that no corroboration was needed for each rape, must be regarded as a material error of law.