European Union – Copyright. The Court of Justice of the European Union made a preliminary ruling concerning the interpretation of art 3(1) of Directive (EC) 2001/29 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 (on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society). The request had been made in proceedings between certain journalists and Retriever Sverige AB concerning compensation allegedly payable to the journalists for the harm they considered they had suffered as a result of the inclusion on that company's website of clickable Internet links (hyperlinks) redirecting users to press articles in which the journalists held the copyright.