European Union – Contract. The Court of Justice of the European Union ruled that art 1(4) of the Directive (EC) 2001/84 (on the resale right for the benefit of the author of an original work of art) should be interpreted as not precluding the person by whom the resale royalty was payable, designated as such by national law, whether that was the seller or an art market professional involved in the transaction, from agreeing with any other person, including the buyer, that that other person would definitively bear, in whole or in part, the cost of the royalty, provided that a contractual arrangement of that kind did not affect the obligations and liability which the person by whom the royalty was payable had towards the author.