European Union – Public procurement. The Court of Justice of the European Union made a preliminary ruling concerning the interpretation of art 45 of Directive (EC) 2004/18 of the European Parliament and of the Council (on the coordination of procedures for the award of public works contracts, public supply contracts and public service contracts). The request had been made in proceedings between Cartiera dell'Adda SpA (Cartiera) and CEM Ambiente SpA (CEM Ambiente) concerning a decision made by the latter, as contracting authority, to exclude the joint venture formed by Cartiera and another company from a selection procedure on the ground that a statement relating the person designated as that company's technical director had not been submitted with the joint venture's bid.