Employment – Sex discrimination. Lay members of a trade union that employed the employee had been acting as agents of the trade union when they acted in a discriminatory and harassing way towards the employee. The Court of Appeal, Civil Division, also held that a failure to protect an employee against discrimination by an employed trade union official did not, by itself, constitute an act or omission 'on the grounds of', or, therefore, 'because of' the relevant protected characteristic under the Equality Act 2010.