Citizenship – United Kingdom citizenship. The Court of Appeal, Civil Division, dismissed the appellants' appeals against the dismissal by the Special Immigration Appeals Commission (SIAC) of their appeals against the Secretary of State's decision to remove their British citizenship. The SIAC had properly considered and addressed issues of proportionality and there had been no error of approach in considering and determining issues of fairness and natural justice. Further, the SIAC had not erred in having concluded that the appellants' residence in Pakistan at the time of the deprivations of citizenship had meant that they were outside the jurisdiction of the European Convention on Human Rights for the purposes of art 1.