European Union – National legislation. Article 4(3) of Directive (EC) 2007/64, read in conjunction with point 2 of the annex to the directive, had to be interpreted as meaning that a cash withdrawal service offered by a gaming arcade operator to his customers by means of multifunctional terminals in those arcades was not a 'payment service' within the meaning of that directive, where the operator did not carry out any operation on those customers' payment accounts and the activities he performed on that occasion were confined to making the terminals available and loading them with cash. The Court of Justice so held in a preliminary ruling in criminal proceedings brought by the relevant German authorities against the manager of a company which operated gaming arcades.