European Union – Citizenship. The Court of Justice of the European Union gave a preliminary ruling deciding that the right to be heard, as applicable in the context of Council Directive (EC) No 2004/83, did not require, as a rule, that, where national legislation, such as that at issue in the main proceedings, provided for two separate procedures, one after the other, for examining applications for refugee status and applications for subsidiary protection respectively, the applicant for subsidiary protection was to have the right to an interview relating to his application and the right to call or cross-examine witnesses when that interview took place.