European Union – Consumer protection. Council Directive (EEC) 93/13 should be interpreted as meaning that a national court giving judgment in default and which had the power, under national procedural rules, to examine of its own motion whether the term upon which the claim was based was contrary to national public policy laws, was required to examine of its own motion whether the contract containing that term fell within the scope of that directive and, if so, whether that term was unfair. The Court of Justice of the European Union so held, among other things, in proceedings concerning the reimbursement by the respondent student of registration fees and costs of a study trip, together with interests and a costs indemnity.