European Union – Public procurement. The Court of Justice of the European Union made determinations as preliminary rulings on the interpretation of Council Regulation (EC) 2988/95 and Council Regulation (EC) 1083/2006 in two actions concerning the validity of administrative measures addressed to contracting authorities, which required them to repay part of grants that they had received in their capacity as contracting authorities which had organised public procurement procedures relating to operations eligible for grants.