European Union – Consumer protection. The Court of Justice of the European Union gave a preliminary ruling concerning the interpretation of art 4(a) and (c) of Directive (EC) 2006/114 and art 7(1) to (3) of Directive (EC) 2005/29. The request had been made in proceedings between ITM Alimentaire International SASU and Carrrefour Hypermarchés SAS (Carrefour) concerning a television advertising campaign launched by Carrefour in which the prices of leading brand products in Carrefour shops and in the shops of competitors had been compared.