European Union – Intellectual property rights. The Court of Justice of the European Union gave a preliminary ruling, deciding, among other things, that, art 2(a) of Directive (EC) 95/46 had to be interpreted as meaning that a dynamic IP address registered by an online media services provider when a person accessed a website that the provider made accessible to the public constituted personal data within the meaning of that provision, in relation to that provider, where the latter had the legal means which enabled it to identify the data subject with additional data which the internet service provider had about that person.