Compensation – Criminal injuries. The mandatory exclusion from an award of compensation for criminal injuries for unspent convictions resulting in custodial or community sentences contained in the criminal injuries compensation scheme did not give rise to a breach of art 17 of Directive (EU) 2011/36. The Court of Appeal, Civil Division, in dismissing the claimants' appeal against the refusal of compensation for having been trafficked due to their unspent convictions, further held that the exclusionary rule was justified, as it satisfied a proportionality analysis and had not been manifestly without reasonable foundation.