European Union – Consumer protection. The Court of Justice of the European Union ruled that Annex I, point 14, of Directive (EC) 2005/29 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 May 2005 (concerning unfair business-to-consumer commercial practices in the internal market) should be interpreted as meaning that a pyramid promotional scheme constituted an unfair commercial practice only where such a scheme required the consumer to give financial consideration, regardless of its amount, for the opportunity to receive compensation that was derived primarily from the introduction of other consumers into the scheme rather than from the sale or consumption of products.