Costs – Litigant in person. A foreign lawyer lacking a qualification in England and Wales could not be regarded as a 'lawyer' or as providing 'legal services' for the purposes of CPR 46.5(3)(b). Accordingly, the appellant, a litigant in person in whose favour a costs order had been made, could not recover for work undertaken by his foreign lawyer. The Court of Appeal, Civil Division, so held in dismissing the appellant's appeal.