European Union – Civil and commercial matters. Article 8(3) of Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012 should be interpreted as applying, not exclusively, in a situation in which the court with jurisdiction to hear and determine a claim alleging infringement of the applicant's personality rights, on the ground that photographs had been taken and videos recorded without her knowledge, was seised by the defendant bringing a counterclaim for compensation on the ground that the applicant was liable in tort, delict or quasi-delict for, among other things, restrictions on his intellectual creations, which were the subject of the original application, where, when examining the counterclaim, that court was required to assess the lawfulness of the actions on which the applicant based its own claims. The Court of Justice of the European Union so held in a preliminary ruling in proceedings concerning an alleged infringement of the applicant's image and phonogram rights, in response to which the respondent had submitted a counterclaim.