European Union – Public procurement. The principles of transparency, equal treatment and non-discrimination which derived from arts 49 and 56 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and were referred to in art 2 of Directive (EC) 2004/18 should be interpreted, as held by the Court of Justice of the European Union, as meaning that they did not preclude legislation of a member state which did not allow two syndicates of Lloyd's of London to be excluded from participation in the same procedure for the award of a public service contract for insurance merely because their respective tenders had each been signed by the General Representative of Lloyd's of London for that member state, but instead allowed their exclusion if it appeared, on the basis of unambiguous evidence, that their tenders had not been drawn up independently.